Chitosan #CAS9012-76-4

Chitosan #CAS9012-76-4

Chitosan is a unique basic polysaccharide obtained by N-deacetylation of chitin in an alkaline medium. This alkaline consists mainly of β-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose units. Besides, it is the second most abundant biopolymer on Earth after cellulose that can be found in crustacean shells and the cell walls of fungi. Another feature of chitosan is that it is a copolymer of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and D-glucosamine. Protonation of the NH2 functional group on the C-2 position of the D-glucosamine repeating unit makes it easily soluble in aqueous acidic media and it results in the conversion of the polysaccharide to a polyelectrolyte in acidic media. Chitosan shows more potential than chitin for use in different applications as a result of the presence of its NH2 groups. It has good properties including biodegradability, biocompatibility, and antibacterial activity. Chitosan has abundant applications in different fields because it is the one and only pseudonatural cationic polymer. Generally it is prepared by deacetylation of α-chitin using 40%-50% aqueous alkali solution at 100℃-160℃. This preparation takes a few hours. As a result of this, newly derived chitosan has a degree of deacetylation (DD) up to 0.95.Chitosan is provided with high adsorption capacity and selectivity by many -NH2 and -OH groups that can chelate heavy metal ions. The intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bonds are numerous in chitosan molecules. The packing structure of chitosan in the three unit cell directions stabilizes strongly and gives the power to chitosan not to melt at all. Chitosan dissolves only in certain organic acids, like formic, acetic, propionic, lactic, citric, and succinic acids, and in some inorganic solvents, like hydrochloric, phosphoric, and nitric acid.

Application of Chitosan

Chitin and chitosan are natural biopolymers that have various properties such as antimicrobial activity, hemostatic agent, metal-chelating, molecular affinity, and wound-healing agent. For a wide range of uses of these polymers, different modifications have been studied by different researchers. Electrospun fibers of chitin and chitosan could therefore be of great interest in various application fields such as tissue engineering, biomedical, cosmetics, and many industrial applications, such as wastewater treatment.
Chitosan has various effects such as improving immunity, activation of cells, preventing cancer, lowering blood pressure, lowering blood pressure, anti-aging and regulating body environment. It can be used in medicine, health care and food fields.
In the field of environmental protection, chitosan can be used in sewage treatment, protein recovery, and water purification. In functional materials, the chitosan can be used in film material, carriers, adsorbents, fibers, medical materials and the like. In the field of light textile, chitosan can be used for fabric finishing, health underwear and paper additives. In the field of agriculture, it can be applied to feed additives, seed treatment, soil improvement, and preservation of fruit. In the field of tobacco, tobacco Chitosan is an excellent sheet gel and can also improve the taste with being non-toxic and odorless upon burning.

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