Benzalkonium chloride is a cationic surfactant and a non-oxidizing disinfectant. It is soluble in water and ethanol and has a strong adsorption force on the surface of bacteria, causing protein denaturation and killing bacteria and algae. It has broad-spectrum and highly effective bactericidal and algicidal capabilities, effectively controlling the reproduction of bacteria and algae and the growth of sludge in water, and has good sludge stripping effect and certain dispersing and penetrating effects. At the same time, it has certain oil removal, deodorization and corrosion prevention capabilities. Benzalkonium chloride has the characteristics of low toxicity and no cumulative toxicity. Unlike chlorine gas treatment, which leaves residual chlorine in water and causes secondary pollution.